mauser



2- Sheets-Sheet 1;

(No Model.)

P. MAUSER.

BREEOH LOADING FIRE ARM.

Patent ed Feb. 19, 1889.

INVENTOR:

(NoModeL) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2. P. MAUSER.

BREECH LOADING FIRE ARM.

Patented Feb 19, 1889 FE ix l N \[E N TO R 10M By his Al/omeys, m 551mm 60 WITNESSES:

UNITED STATES PAT NT OFFICE.-

PAUL MAUSER, OF OBERNDORF-ON-THE-NEOKAR,W'UR'I'EMBERG, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO THE WAF-FENFABRI'K' MAUSER, OF SAME PLACE.

BREECH-LOADING FIRE-ARM.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 398,063, dated February 19, 1889. v

Application filed June 27, 1888. Serial No. 278,321. gNo model.) Patented in Belgium March 8, 1888, No. 80,932 in Italy March 31, 1888, No. 23,206 /479; in England April 9, 1888,1l'o. 5.244, and in gpaiirMay 18, 1888,No. 8,039.

in the Kingdom of Viirtemberg, German Empire, and a subject of the King of \Viirteinberg, German Empire, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Breech- Loading Fire-Arms, (which are the subject of Letters Patent in Belgium, No. 80,932, dated March 8, 1888; in Italy, No. 23,206 479, dated March 31, 1888; in- Spain,.No. 8,039, dated May 18, 1888, and in England, No. 5,244, dated April 9, 1888,) ofwhich the following is a specification.

This invention relates to breech-loading fire-arms of the class known as bolt-guns.

According to my invention 1' provide, in addition to the bolt, alongitudinally-sliding plate called the guide-plate or boltguide, which is arranged over the bolt and partakes of the longitudinal movement thereof, but without having any oscillating movement. hen the bolt is pushed forward, this plate closes the so-called case-opening in the top of the breech-ease and prevents the entrance of dust. The breech-block or front end of the bolt, called the bolt-head, is

made separate from the oscillating portion of the bolt, and is attached to or made integrally the latter is turned up, and thereby forcibly draws back the bolt to start the extraction of the empty shell. The bolt is formed on its opposite sides with recoil shoulders-or proj ections, which, when the bolt is locked, en gage corresponding recesses in the bolt-case and hold the bolt firmly in position, and when the bolt is oscillated to draw it back one of these projections enters the guideway in the bottom of the breech, and the other projection enters a recess in the guide-plate, so that as the bolt is drawn back it draws'the guide-plate back with it. .Improved means are also provided for ejecting the empty shell and for limiting the back-stroke of the bolt.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinalmid-section of the breech portion of the gun. Fig. 2 is a plan view of this portion of the gun, partly in horizontal section, in the plane of the line 2 2 in Fig. 4. Fig. 3 is a vertical transverse section in .the plane of the line 3 3 in Fig. 1. Fig. 4. is a vertical transverse section in, the-plane of the line 4 4 in Figs. 1 and 2. Fig. 5 is a vertical longitudinal mid-section of v the breech portion of thegun, including the stock, the bolt and guide-plate being shown in elevation.

Fig. 6 is a horizontal mid-section of the breechcase with the bolt removed. Fig. 7 is a side elevation of the bolt-head and guide-plate. Fig. 8 is an. inverted plan thereof, and Fig. 9 is a transverse section in the plane of the line 9 9 in Figs. 5 and 6.

In the several views the gun is shown in the locked position ready for firing.

A designates the barrel, and C the breechcase.

F is the breech-block or bolt-head which comes against the base of the cartridge.

D is the bolt, which is cylindrical on its exterior, is provided with the usual bolt-handle, h, and is formed near its rear end with two opposite recoil shoulders or projections, w.

The bolt-head F and bolt D are made separate from one another, so that as the bolt D is oscillated by its handle h the bolt-head F remains stationary. Over the top of the bolt extends a guide-plate, f, which, when in the position shown, entirely fills the usual opening in the top of the breech-case through v which, when the bolt is drawn back, the empty shell is ejected and the new cart-ridge is inserted. This guide-plate and the bolt-head F are fastened together, or, by preference, formed integrally with one another, as shown. in Fig. 3, so that the bolt-head F is held stationary during the oscillatory motion of the bolt in locking or unlocking. When the bolt is locked, its projections to were housed in cavities or recesses 10' w in the inner sides of the breech-case O, which cavities are best shown in Fig. 6. When the bolt is turned to unlock it, the right-hand projection w (seen in Fig. 1) is turned up into and engages a cavity, 20 Fig. '7, in the under side of the guide 180 1 [the bolt." When it is desired to remove ,the

plate The bolt and guide-plate are thus fastened together, so that when the bolt .is

drawn back to ,open the breech the guideplate is caused to slide back with it, thereby moving back also the bolt-head The bolt is guided in its retractile' movement by its wardly a distance at least'equa-l to the retraet-.

ile stroke of the bolt.

shaped'slot or way on the top of the breechcase 0, as best shown in Fig. 4. At the end of the cartridge-rest of the breech-case the latter is not open, but is extended across the I bolt, forming a bridge, 13; The under side of this bridge and the adjacent portions of the breech-case are so shapedas to. allow' the guide-plate f to slide through, so that it"may be drawnbut. rearwardly, In ordertoprevent, the-bolt beingdrawn-back farther an};

; ing theordinary use-of .the gunithan is nec essaryJiobrin-g the bolt-head F=back to where it clears "the cartridge-rest, a stop is' 'providedf-wliich engages the guide p'late f.

This plate" has agroove, or rabbet,"d, milled J out" on its right hand edge for a'suificient distanceand -te rmi nat es at its front end in an abrupt shoulder, 12. A-similar shoulder'at its rear end, I) isimmaterial, except that it serves to fill up the guide-opening in the bridge B.

:In the right haml side of the bridge is a slot through which projects a stop-tooth, df,'piv'- oted t0 thebridge and held in the position path of the sho'uldersb shown by the tension of a spring-d \Vhen' the bolt is drawn fully back, the 'shoulder'b' on the guideplate f encountersf the stop d,

thereby preventing the further retraction of bolt from the Qunythe lever cl is turned outwardly, therebyremoving'the stop Lil-from the The shell-extractor 1- is arranged in a'recess formed in the top of the bolt head F, where the guide-plate f'j'oin's it. The claw-r of the extractor, whichip'rojects forward beyond the end'of the bolt-head,- engages'therim of the cartridge-shell, and therebyv drags the shell back with it during the backward-movement of the bolt. .Inprder to f'startthe retraction of the shell, at which ,tinie,'by; rea sdn.of its tight fit in 'th'ebarrel, it aftordsthe greatest resistance to its movement, an inclined face,

a, is, formed on the rear side of the bridge B,v

as best shown in dotted lines in; Fig. 2, and the foot of the hand-lever h inbeing turned up moves over this face; and thereby forcibly draws-thes'hell out of the barrel for a distance corresponding 'to the pitch of' the inclined;

By the time the hand-lever it reaches face.

- the vertical positionthe shell has been so far drawn out thatitszfurther' entract'ion can be easily accomplished by the pulling back of the bolt. 7

The ejector g consists-of a sliding piece dovetailed into the under side of the bolthead F, asshown in Figs; 1 and 3, 1ts front end resting against the rim of the cartrldge,

while its rear end proj ects' backwardly and outwardly in a groove, g, formed in thebree'chcase 0. As the bolt is drawn back th s e ector moveswith it 'in the ejector-groove 9' until the cartridge-shell'is wholly'withdraym from the barrel, after which the shoulder g 'on the rear of the ejector encounters the trigger :beak Zor other stationary stop and is stopped thereby, while the boltisdravm fartherback, The guide-plate f slides in. a suitably-' so that the cartridge-shelhbeing. pulled by theextractor-claw r at the top and pushed by-theeje'ctor g at the'bottom, is thrown upwardly out of the case-opening.

g, thereby giving the necessary lateral guidance to the small lock. v

"In order to remove the boltfrom thejbreechcase, the" stop-lever d r is turned out,- as described,and the trigger-beakl is also-drawn It may be remarked that the-nose m of the small lock. S also slides in the ejector-groove down by the trigger I-, so as to clear the shoulr stop-tooth d, presses thisfstop outwardly, so

that the bolt can be pushed. in without'any hinderance.

' NVhen the gun is locked by the turning of the hand-lever 7: down to'the horizontal position, the two recoil shoulders or projections *w "w, entering, as described, into the corresponding recesses,"'w"w, in the breech-case (3, hold the bolt-head F in correct position firmly against the base of the cartridge and serve to transfen the recoil topor-tions' of the breech-case on .oppositesides, which are of equalstrength, so that the bending or springing of the breech-case-cannot occur, and the bolt is kept absolutely central, which'is-of the greatest importance for insuringgaccuracyof shooting. g

Y s the case-opening is entirely cover d by the guide-plate]? when the bolt is inthe losed or' locked position, the working in of; dust, sand, rain, &c.', to-the interior is almost'absolutelyprevented, so that the gun is more. reliable under all conditions and circumstances than has hitherto'been possible; c l I am well aware that recoil shoulders orpro- {jections on'the bolt, coactingwith suitable faces or. shoulders on the breech-case, have been before known, and I therefore makeno stantially as hereinbefore specified, v'izz' v 1.. The combinatiomwith the bolt-andbr'eechcase', the latterformed with the bridge over the rear portion of the bolt and with a longitudina'l guideway extending beneath said Jbridge,"of the bolt-head made in a separate IIQ piece from the bolt and swiveled thereto, so that it is moved longitudinally with the bolt, but does not partake of the oscillatory movement thereof, and a guide-plate arranged over the bolt and beneath said bridge, movable longitudinally in said guidcway, and fastened to the bolt-head, whereby it derives longitudinal motion from the latter and prevents oscillatory movement thereof.

2. The combinatimi, with the breech-case formed with a longitudinal guideway and the bolt formed with a recoil projection, of a guide-plate arranged over the bolt in said guideway and having a recess into which said projection enters as the boltis oscillated to unlock it.

The combination, with the bolt havinga recoil projection, of the breech-case having a recess entered by said recoil projection when the bolt is in the locked position and a guide-- plate mounted to slide longitudinally and having a recess entered by said recoil projection when the bolt is in the unlocked position.

i. The combination, with the bolt and its locking-lever, of the breech-case formed with a bridge over the rear portion of the bolt, and having an inclinedface, n, at the rear of this bridge inposition to be engaged by the locking-lever while the latter is being turned up .to unlock the bolt, and thereby to draw back the bolt sufficiently to start the extraction. of the cartridge-shell.

The combination, with the bolt and the longitudinally-sliding guide-plate connected to and moving with it, of the reciprocal stops for limiiing the rearward movement of the bolt, consisting of a shoulder on said guideplate and a'stop-tooth or projection stationary relatively to the breech-case in the path of said shoulder.

6. The combination, with the breech-case and the bolt, of a longitudinally-slidin g guideplate connected to the bolt to be moved thereby, and formed with a groove, (1, terminating in a shoulder, Z), and a stop-toothy], arranged in said groove and mounted on a lever, d, pivoted to the breech-case. i

7. The combination, with an oscillato'rybolt and a bolt-head restrained from oscillation, of an ejector consisting of a sliding piece working in a longitudinal guideway in the bolthead and projecting beneath the same, the breech-case having a longitudinal groove in which said projecting portion moves when the bolt is retracted, and a stop projecting into said groove for arresting said ejector.

' 8. The combination, with an oscillatory boltand a bolt-head restrained from oscillation, of an ejector consisting of a slide-piece mounted in a longitudinal gnideway in said bolt-l1ead and having a rearward shoulder, and a trigger-beak arranged in position relatively to said shoulder to be encountered thereby and arrest the ejector during the rctractile movement of the bolt.

This specification signed by me this 3d day of February, 1888.

PAUL MAUSER.

Witnesses:

EDMUND GRONOKI, THEo. ABENHEIM. 

